Birds, with a global distribution range and a diversity of over 10,500 species, are among the most important and successful components of natural ecosystems. Due to their ease of study and research, these organisms are considered suitable biological indicators for examining the status of ecosystems and biodiversity. In the present study, the small sparrow fauna of the Golestankouh Khansar hunting ban area located on the eastern slopes of the Zagros Mountains was investigated. Sampling was carried out from three stations located in the west, center and east, taking into account the elevation gradient in the two seasons of spring and summer, using bird-catching nets.A total of 81 specimens of small passerines belonging to 8 families, 18 genera and 23 species were identified. The most diverse family in the region was the Cessac family with 12 species and the most diverse genus was the genus Acrocephalus with 4 species. It was found that the house sparrow, the great wheel-wren, the chief-crest Cessac and the loud marsh cessac were the dominant species in the region. In the spring, 14 species with 45 specimens were identified and Station B with 8 species and 18 specimens had the highest species diversity and abundance. In the autumn, 12 species with a total abundance of 36 were captured alive and identified.In this season, station B showed the highest species diversity and abundance with 8 species and 19 samples. Comparison of species diversity between stations during the two seasons showed that station A had higher diversity in autumn than in spring, but station C had higher diversity in spring. However, no difference was observed between station B in the two seasons. Simpson (1-D), Shannon-Wiener (′H) and Brillouin (H) heterogeneity indices in spring indicated higher heterogeneity in stations C and B than in station A.In the autumn season, this index was detected to be maximum at station B and minimum at station C (without sample). The heterogeneity of the entire region between the two seasons was eva‎luated to be the same and similar. The Camargo (′E), modified Ney (EQ) and Smith-Wilson (Evar) evenness indices showed that the evenness in the spring season was maximum at station C and minimum at A. In the autumn season, station B showed the highest evenness. Comparing the entire region between the two seasons showed that the evenness in the autumn season was slightly higher than in the spring. Using the Morisita similarity index, it was determined At station A, no common species were observed between the two seasons, but at station B, a small number of common species were recorded between the two seasons. Also, this index indicated the maximum similarity between the two habitats A and C and the minimum similarity between the two habitats A and B in the spring, and also the very low similarity between the two stations A and B in the autumn. According to the Jaccard and Sorensen similarity coefficient, station B showed the highest similarity coefficient between the two seasons, which indicates the stability of the small passerine community structure in this habitat.Of the four beta diversity indices (Whitaker, Wilson-Shida, Cody, and Routledge), three indicated higher beta diversity in the fall season in the study area. Using ringing, it was determined that only two specimens were caught twice, and both were caught and recaptured within the station (Station B). The present study showed that the Golestankouh no-hunting area has a significant species diversity of small sparrows, and the highest diversity was identified in both seasons at mid-elevations (in the central part of the area). It was also found that bird diversity is greater in spring than in autumn. Conducting a comprehensive faunal study of the bird class can further reveal the habitat potential of this area for conservation.

9/19/2024 12:00:00 AM

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